Thermal energy storage for clean heating

What is thermal energy storage (TES)?

TES can be applied both for the cooling and heating of buildings . There are three ways of thermal energy storage by TES: sensible heat, latent heat and chemical reactions. From a practical point of view, latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) is the most often investigated method of thermal energy storage in the last two decades .

What is seasonal thermal energy storage (STES)?

Seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) harvests and stores sustainable heat sources, such as solar thermal energy and waste heat, in summer and uses them in winter for heating purposes, facilitating the replacement of fossil fuel-based heat supply and coordinating the seasonal mismatch between heat supply and demand .

What are the different types of thermal energy storage?

According to the different storage mechanisms, thermal energy storage can be divided into three types: sensible heat storage (SHS), latent heat storage (LHS), and thermochemical heat/energy storage (TCES) [13, 18]. The amount of sensible heat is related to the specific heat capacity of the materials and their temperature changes.

How do heat storage properties affect the application of thermal energy storage?

The application of thermal energy storage is influenced by many heat storage properties, such as temperature range, heat storage capacity, cost, stability, and technical readiness. Therefore, the heat storage properties for different heat storage technologies are reviewed and compared.

What is latent heat thermal energy storage (lhtes)?

From a practical point of view, latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) is the most often investigated method of thermal energy storage in the last two decades . In LHTES systems, the energy is accumulated in phase change materials (PCM). For PCMs absorbing or releasing heat is connected to a phase change.

What is the performance of a thermal energy storage system?

The system performance is dependent on the climatic zone. For Cracow city, it allows covering 47% of thermal energy demand, while for Rome and Milan 70% and 62%. 3. Phase change materials (PCMs) in building heating, cooling and electrical energy storage