Cost of ammonia as energy storage

How much does ammonia energy storage cost?

Estimates of the capital costs ($/kW) for ammonia energy storage (between 1350 and 1590 $/kW ) indicate it will be competitive compared to battery storage technologies such as Li-ion, NaS and VREDOX (between 850 and 3,660 $/kW ), but with the advantage of considerably cheaper (∼2 (O)) capacity costs inherent in a liquid fuel.

What makes an ammonia-based energy storage system viable?

For this to be viable, an ammonia-based energy storage system must display “High round-trip efficiency, low cost and considerable flexibility.” Maximizing efficiency – or minimizing the losses from converting power to ammonia and then back to power – is the major advancement revealed by the German paper.

Can ammonia be used as an energy storage medium?

If ammonia is only used as an energy storage medium, a positive revenue of US$15.3 million will be obtained, which is still US$258 million lower than electricity export. Yet this difference might be compensated by the benefits of large-scale ammonia energy storage on the grid (Dowling et al., 2020; Hunter et al., 2021).

Does ammonia cost a power plant?

The cost of the ammonia power plant is not considered in this study, as it is assumed that the ammonia production and storage facilities are located near an existing power plant which can use ammonia as a fuel or blend ammonia into fuel mixtures (Erdemir and Dincer, 2021).

How much does ammonia cost?

Extrapolating the trend shown in the figure, the estimated cost of ammonia production would then be $377/ton for a natural gas price of $10.50/MMBtu. At this ammonia production cost, a rough estimate for the cost of hydrogen available in the ammonia (assuming a cracking efficiency of about 75%) is ~$3.00/kg (gge).

Can ammonia be used as a storable source?

pment (ibid).Another alternative approach to the direct combustion of ammonia is to utilize it as the energy vector of hydrogen, where ammonia could be viewed as its storable source, while the direct storage and transportation of hydrogen in large quantities is still challenging and expensive (Valera-Medina,