Civil air defense energy storage

Can long-duration energy storage (LDEs) meet the DoD's 14-day requirement?

This report provides a quantitative techno-economic analysis of a long-duration energy storage (LDES) technology, when coupled to on-base solar photovoltaics (PV), to meet the U.S. Department of Defense’s (DoD’s) 14-day requirement to sustain critical electric loads during a power outage and significantly reduce an installation’s carbon footprint.

What is the long-duration energy storage (LDEs) joint program?

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)/U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) Long-Duration Energy Storage (LDES) Joint Program is a partnership between DOE’s Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations (OCED) and DOD’s Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy Resilience and Optimization (ODASD (ER&O)).

What is long-duration energy storage (LDEs)?

The Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy (ARPA-E), though its Duration Addition to electricitY Storage (DAYS) program (2), has invested in long-duration energy storage (LDES) systems with a focus on meeting the future needs of the grid. One such technology, developed by Antora Energy (3), stores thermal energy in carbon blocks.

What is DoD's energy resilience goal?

DoD’s installation energy resilience goal is maintaining electric power for all critical loads up to 14 days in the event of a grid outage (5). No backup power system has a 100% probability of providing power. Power may not be provided because of limited fuel availability, equipment failures, insufficient DER capacity, or poor solar conditions.

How much energy does the DOD use?

Energy is essential for DoD’s installations, and DoD is dependent on electricity and natural gas to power their installations. In fiscal year 2022 (20), DoD’s installations consumed more than 200,000 million Btu (MMBtu) and spent $3.96 billion to power, heat, and cool buildings.

How will energy storage impact resiliency?

In addition, the large energy storage expected to be required to meet DoD resiliency goals will result in a BESS that has no need to use most of its SOC while grid tied to yield economic value. A higher minimum SOC will lead to a higher survival probability at 14 days, and a lower SOC minimum will lead to