How is the lithium battery energy storage field in brazil and south america

How many automotive lithium-ion batteries are there in Brazil?

The flows of automotive lithium-ion batteries in Brazil It was estimated that 3600 new automotive LIBs were put on the market in new EC in Brazil, in 2019 (Figure S4).

Are global water models overestimating lithium mining in South America?

New research reveals that current global water models dramatically overestimate the amount of freshwater available for lithium mining in South America’s Lithium Triangle, a critical hub for the world’s battery supply. Using a custom-built model, scientists found that freshwater inflows are 10 tim

How are secondary batteries recycled in Brazil?

According to Dias et al. (2018), recycling of secondary batteries in Brazil is limited to the initial stages of disassembly and separation, while the most complex components, rich in valuable metals, are mostly exported for processing abroad (USA, Belgium, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, Germany and Canada).

Which country produces lithium ion (Lib) electrode active materials?

In terms of LIBs electrode active materials, Brazil is amongst the top 10 producers in the world of Li, Ni, Mn and graphite ( USGS 2020 ). In the case of Co, the mineral is produced in Brazil as a by-product of Ni mining.

How much freshwater flows into the Lithium Triangle?

The two most commonly used global water models suggest that the freshwater flowing into the Lithium Triangle’s basins is approximately 90 and 230 mm per year. “But after an initial assessment,” says Kirshen, “we suspected it was going to be too inaccurate for our purposes.”

Does lithium need a sustainable water management strategy?

As demand for lithium skyrockets, so does the urgency for the industry, governments, and communities to collaborate on sustainable water management, especially with new mining methods consuming even more water.