Energy storage hydrogel photonic crystals

What are hydrogel-based photonic structures?

Hydrogel-based photonic structures may be categorized by the types of photonic structures in which hydrogels are used. To date, typical photonic structures, such as waveguides, optical fibers, PhCs, and plasmonic structures, have been developed based on hydrogels.

Can hydrogels be used for photonic devices?

Moreover, hydrogels possess unique properties that respond to external stimuli, causing them to be promising candidates for designing responsive optical devices for a variety of photonic applications.

Are multifunctional hydrogels suitable for energy storage and conversion?

This is largely due to their exceptional mechanical properties, inherent multifunctionality, and noteworthy biocompatibility. The goal of this review is to provide an in-depth analysis of the recent advancements made in the field of multifunctional hydrogels as applied to energy storage and conversion.

What is hydrogel photonics?

Hydrogel photonics has emerged as a promising solution in the field of active photonics by providing primarily deformable geometric parameters in response to external stimuli. Over the past few years, various studies have been undertaken to attain stimuli-responsive photonic devices with tunable optical properties.

Do hydrogels have tunable optical properties?

Over the past few years, various studies have been undertaken to attain stimuli-responsive photonic devices with tunable optical properties. Herein, we focus on the recent advancements in hydrogel-based photonics and micro/nanofabrication techniques for hydrogels.

Why do we need hydrogel thermoelectric materials?

Given the limited energy utilization efficiency, the enormous amount of waste heat generated from industrial manufacturing not only leads to energy loss but also exacerbates climate change problems . Hydrogel thermoelectric materials show great potential for converting low-grade thermal energy into electrical energy.