Tram antimony energy storage battery

What is an alternative to catenary free trams?

An alternative is catenary free trams, driven by on-board energy storage system. Various energy storage solutions and trackside power delivery technologies are explained in , .

How do energy trams work?

At present, new energy trams mostly use an on-board energy storage power supply method, and by using a single energy storage component such as batteries, or supercapacitors.

Why is antimony important?

An unsung war hero that saved countless American troops during World War II, an overlooked battery material that has played a pivotal role in storing electricity for more than 100 years, and a major ingredient in futuristic grid-scale energy storage, antimony is among the most important critical metalloids that most people have never heard of.

How does a supercapacitor improve the battery life of a tram?

Wang et al. comprehensively considered the characteristics of the tram HESS, line conditions, and traction characteristics, took the mass of the supercapacitor as the optimization goal, optimized the parameters, and extended the battery life while reducing the mass of the ESS.

What power supply mode does a tram use?

The tram adopts the power supply mode of catenary free and on-board SESS. The whole operation process is powered by a SESS. The SESS only supplements electric energy within 30s after entering each station. The power supply parameters of the on-board ESS are shown in Table 2. Table 2. Power supply parameters of on-board ESS.

How much energy does a tram use?

The greater the distance between stations, the greater the demand energy. The first interval has the largest distance and maximum energy consumption. If the recovered braking energy is not included, the energy consumption is 7.012 kwh. Fig. 3. DC bus demand energy curve. The tram adopts the power supply mode of catenary free and on-board SESS.