Calculation of residual value of energy storage system

What is residual energy in energy storage?

For energy storage systems, the residual energy of the battery is the cumulative energy charged or discharged from the current moment until the battery reaches the charge/discharge cut-off voltage when the energy storage battery is charged or discharged at a certain operating condition.

How is residual energy calculated in a battery pack?

From both theoretical and practical aspects, the cells with average voltage in the battery pack are selected as representative cells and their residual energy is estimated as the residual energy of the battery pack at the current moment.

How do you determine the residual value of a battery?

Battery appearance [7, 8], charge/discharge curves [, , ], open-circuit voltage [10, 11], capacity , and internal resistance [13, 14] are all typical methods for determining the residual value and categorizing batteries.

How accurate is estimating the remaining energy of a battery?

As can be seen from the figure, the method of estimating the remaining energy of the battery based on the working condition prediction always has a high accuracy, with a maximum error of no more than 2%, which provides a good basis for the following estimation of the remaining energy of the battery pack of the energy storage system. Fig. 4.

Can a quick residual value calculation accurately represent the internal aging characteristics?

As a result, developing a quick residual value calculation technique that can accurately represent the internal aging characteristics of batteries is critical to increasing the safety and cost-effectiveness of RBs for secondary usage.

Why is a battery not suitable for a residual value assessment?

However, because they are external features of the battery, capturing its internal electrochemical state in depth is difficult, and obtaining features such as charge/discharge curves and capacity takes a long time, making them unsuitable for residual value assessment of large-scale RBs.